Ferrari Rear Wheel Lip

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pRo
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zac510 wrote:How do you respond to the fact that teams are allowed to change the front wing in order to gain different aerodynamic benefits?
I don't. Reca already did on 1st page:
viewtopic.php?t=3402#39384


But how come a suspension component gets banned, if it affects aerodynamics, but brake component is ok? :lol:
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zac510
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pRo wrote:I don't. Reca already did on 1st page:
viewtopic.php?t=3402#39384
So what exactly is your point then?

Reca
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manchild wrote: I still didn't heard explanation why was it allowed to Ferrari to make alterations or brake system in Japanese GP. I'd except explanation bhallg2k gave for Chinese GP but what weather conditions change occured during race in Japan?
The explanation was in the first part of my post you quoted.

The weather change in China had nothing to do with the possibility to change the brake ducts during the race because the change of weather conditions is a requirement only to apply safety modifications while in parc fermè (the article of sporting rules bhallg2k quoted about change of climatic condition is article 117, the first one of the “post qualifying parc fermè” part of the sporting rules) when, normally, you can’t change parts without FIA approval and even with that approval you can replace a part only with an identical one.
After the start of the warm up lap hence during the race the cars aren’t anymore in parc fermè, consequently the above conditions aren’t required anymore, teams can replace any part without asking FIA approval or waiting for change of climate condition and the new part can be different from the original one, only requirement now being that the new part can’t be heavier than the replaced one.
ginsu wrote: For one, why would you use it only on the rear brakes if it helps cooling so much? Obviously the front brakes could use alot more cooling than the rear would need.

Secondly, it obstructs any airflow from coming in or out of the wheel rim. Because the intake duct is on the inside of the wheel, wouldn't you want it to exhaust through the wheel rim? If this is the case, then the lip is preventing proper airflow through the wheel.
At the front certainly the airflow entering from the intake on the inside goes solely thru the wheel spokes, the whole design is aimed to that, consequently to close the rim would mean to close the only outlet.
Is it the same at the rear ? Well, maybe there are more clever places where you can send that flow ;-)
pRo wrote: So you're saying it's ok if it's a brake cooler AND an aerodynamis device? I don't think things work like that.

I can't argue whether it helps brake cooling or not, but I'm sure it helps aerodynamics -> it should be banned.
Actually what I (and others) said on this thread and a few times in the other one at the start of the season is that it would be legal even if it was solely an aerodynamic device and had absolutely no effect on brake cooling. It’s legal exclusively because of its physical location in a given area, not because of its alleged function.

Then my personal opinion is that it is actually meant first of all to improve the Ferrari rear brake ducts concept while the advantage of aero drag reduction is negligible due to the tyre aspect ratio (width/diameter). My opinion is based mainly on a comparative wind tunnel studies I read few years ago between real wheels (tyre + rim) and cylinders (with both faces closed) of equal dimensions and confirmed by a recent interview with Pat Symonds declaring they tested the concept but found no advantage at all.
Anyway the real aim of the design is absolutely unrelated with talk about legality and doesn’t influence it, it’s an entirely different matter. Matter that is, obviously, several times more interesting than the lawyers crap about legality...

Besides, all the brake ducts used by all cars help aerodynamics, actually almost all parts of every car help aerodynamics. If you look at a F1 car you’ll notice that most of parts have at least 2 different functions, I think it was John Barnard the one who said several years ago words to the extent that a component of a f1 car doing only one thing is a waste of weight, don’t remember the exact words but that was the meaning and the concept isn’t certainly new, particularly in the aeronautical industry.
pRo wrote: But how come a suspension component gets banned, if it affects aerodynamics, but brake component is ok?
I assume you are referring to the mass damper.
First of all the MD is not an element of the suspension, long part of the hearing was exactly to establish that detail.
Second, article 3.15 of the rules, the one with the requirements for parts with influence on aero is :
3.15 Aerodynamic influence :
With the exception of the cover described in Article 6.5.2 (when used in the pit lane) and the ducts described in Article 11.4, any specific part of the car influencing its aerodynamic performance :
- Must comply with the rules relating to bodywork.
- Must be rigidly secured to the entirely sprung part of the car (rigidly secured means not having any degree of freedom).
- Must remain immobile in relation to the sprung part of the car.
Any device or construction that is designed to bridge the gap between the sprung part of the car and the ground is prohibited under all circumstances.
No part having an aerodynamic influence and no part of the bodywork, with the exception of the skid block in 3.13 above, may under any circumstances be located below the reference plane.
The difference between the brake component and the MD is that as soon as I start to read the article I find the line “With the exception of the ducts described in Article 11.4” (that is the article specifying the area where the bodywork around the wheel, brake ducts, winglets and fairings, are located), so for brake ducts I can ignore the remaining part of the article.
But since there’s no line saying “with the exception of a mass suspended via two springs in the nosecone” for the MD I need to continue and answer the following questions.

Has the MD influence on aero performance ? Yes, it isn’t immediate to notice it unless you have direct experience of its application on a F1 car (hence why FIA technical delegates didn’t notice until another team, allegedly McLaren, asked for a clarification after having discovered the real effects of the device), but it definitively has, even Renault agreed.
Is it rigidly secured to the entirely sprung part of the car ? No, clearly it has a degree of freedom.
Is it immobile in relation to the sprung part of the car ? No.

ginsu
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At the front certainly the airflow entering from the intake on the inside goes solely thru the wheel spokes, the whole design is aimed to that, consequently to close the rim would mean to close the only outlet.
Is it the same at the rear ? Well, maybe there are more clever places where you can send that flow
Well, there's only one other place to send that flow and that's back through the wheel well. Now, since it is very difficult to get a good picture of the rear wheel hub, I can't say whether or not there is an exit for the hot air, so I really can't confirm or deny the idea. What I can say, is that since the teams all use the exhaust to drive the flow under the rear wing, that maybe Ferrari use the same idea with the rear brake ducts. I'm not sure, it sounds a bit strange, but it is certainly possible.
One also needs to understand how ducts operate properly. To simplify it, the exit of a duct only needs to be as large as the inlet. The exit of the wheel there is absolutely no larger than the inlet and the small diameter of it may enhance the exit speed of the air, increasing efficiency of the duct. That there is an aerodynamic benefit too is a coincidence but not one that an engineer wouldn't want
Upon looking at the picture I provided in my last post, it is obvious that the shield does not have a duct passing through the center, it has large holes through the center and would thus not function as a very good duct. This has lead me to believe that the air does not flow through the wheel, but back out the side that the intake is on.
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Fan Solo
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The more I think about it the more I come to the conclusion its for rim/tyre heating, SF have tried to get thier rims hot before, remember the tyre blankets in a very toasty box?

Maybe they will tell us at the end of the season :)
MMIAFN

bhall
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Image

I'd be willing to bet that those small appendages, when spinning, act as a way to extract the hot air from the brakes.

Fan Solo
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bhallg2k wrote:Image

I'd be willing to bet that those small appendages, when spinning, act as a way to extract the hot air from the brakes.
You have got to admire the workmanship tho, the way there stuck on looks like the tea boy did it!!
MMIAFN

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mini696
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bhallg2k wrote:Image

I'd be willing to bet that those small appendages, when spinning, act as a way to extract the hot air from the brakes.
I 'd be willing to bet they are there to guide the wheel-gun into the wheel, and to stop the gun catching when it is withdrawn.

ginsu
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Image

This is some possible evidence that the Ferrari is venting hot air on the inside of the wheel. This is from the 2005 car, which shows that the evolution necessitates the use of the shield on the rim.

Also, notice it's location to the lower wing on the rear.
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DaveKillens
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In the typical Formula One brake cooling system, the air enters by a scoop located inside of the wheel rim. It then passes through ducts inside the upright, and to the middle of the wheel and brake disk. it then is fired by centrifugal action outwards, where it exits the wheel by passing through the wheel spokes and outwards. In the rear, the tradition has been to use a similar system.
Any air, front or rear wheel is flung outwards by centrifugal action as it passes through the inside of the brake rotors. The easy way is just to duct it away fromthe wheel assembly from this point. But in the case of the Ferrari rear ducting, the air somehow has to travel back towards the centerline of rotation of the wheel, before it then passes through the cutouts on the wheel fairing. If the inside of the wheel is closed off, then the air has only one exit, through those cutouts near the centerline of rotation of the wheel. very strange, very convoluted.

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mini696
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Centrifugal forces dont have much effect on air.

DaveKillens
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They sure do, why do you think they have channels inside the brake disks. Or how do you think a turbocharger works?

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mini696
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They direct the air. Once it is outside the influence of the fins the is little momentum left.

Reca
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ginsu wrote: This is some possible evidence that the Ferrari is venting hot air on the inside of the wheel. This is from the 2005 car, which shows that the evolution necessitates the use of the shield on the rim.

Also, notice it's location to the lower wing on the rear.
Yep, that’s in fact what I think too although I’ve no confirmation. It’s actually a few years Ferrari uses a similar design for the inner side of the brake ducts (and as far as I can tell from pics also McLaren probably does something similar... Tombazis ;-), maybe other teams too but I didn’t check) as you can see in these pics I took in Maranello last year.
F2002 :
[IMG:150:128]http://img218.imageshack.us/img218/4008/f2002ks5.th.jpg[/img]

F2003-GA :
[IMG:150:128]http://img153.imageshack.us/img153/5754 ... pa8.th.jpg[/img]

Unfortunately I never found a pic good enough of the rear brake duct with the wheel removed to see the details of the drum and see if/how the flow from the disc holes is channelled back to that outlet.
Anyway there are quite a few things pointing in the direction that at least part of the cooling flow is exhausted from there, like for example the dirt accumulated on the endplate during the race (this pic taken in Monza) :
[IMG:150:128]http://img218.imageshack.us/img218/2783 ... wb6.th.jpg[/img]
That looks like carbon dust and the distribution and intensity are compatible with the position of the outlet.

RH1300S
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Although I am guilty of hanging Ferrari myself........Reca's posts are very illuminating.

A couple of things spring to mind - if this was a significant advantage, for sure we would see other teams running the covers - especially if some are already using an inner exhaust for the rear brake cooling duct.

I had no idea the exit was inside and to the rear - in which case it makes the brake cooling argument more valid (they can of course vary the cooling the get at various stages through the weekend.

I suppose when you look at the wheel construction argument, perhaps you take the view that these things are not part of the wheel, but merely attached to it (like a tyre :wink: ) Do the regs state that you cannot attach components to the wheel?

Doesn't change the fact that these covers must reduce drag (or why else would cars that run at high speed fit covers at every opportunity - Le Mans, Indy etc.). But at the moment there is nothing to stop other teams fitting them.

Like the BMW aero fences - surely a good case for finding a reason to ban these, purely because the look so crap.

The mass damper still rankles - but a different argument that is not really relevant here.