Hi sarac,
although I think your question would be quickly answere by searching through this site and forum, here's a starter:
All F1 teams currently use the same ECU, that is the engine control unit. It does however do far more, as it also controls the gearbox and gathers the data. As of this year, the FIA forced the teams to use a standard ECU, built and designed by McLaren Electronic Systems.
Previously, most teams used Magnetti Marelli ECU devices.
